Regent’s faculty come to us from all over the world with experience matched only by the accolades they have received. It was our assignment to develop the launch window and determine where it was going to land.”. William James Johnson 06 Dec 1766 Cooperstown, Otsego, New York ... 31 Oct 1969 managed by Jim Boylan. Her impeccable calculations had already helped plot the successful flight of Alan B. Shepard Jr., who became the first American in space when his Mercury spacecraft went aloft in 1961. [34], Johnson morreu no dia 24 de fevereiro de 2020, aos 101 anos.[35]. [31], Em março de 2016, começaram as finalizações do filme Hidden Figures, que foi lançado em 2017, sobre três cientistas negras da NASA que calcularam as trajetórias de voo do Projeto Mercury e do Apollo 11 nos anos 1960. She returned with her husband to Marion and was occupied with marriage, motherhood and teaching for more than a decade. But what they value most is the opportunity to get to know you as a student and to mentor you as you move forward with your degree and calling. In the wake of that decision, West Virginia’s governor, Homer Holt, chose to desegregate public graduate schools in his state. Caso não houvesse cursos, outras universidades deveriam atender aos alunos.[8][12]. [21], Em seguida, Katherine trabalhou com computadores digitais, tais como os conhecemos hoje. In 1943, with the wartime need for human computers greater than ever, the Langley Memorial Aeronautical Laboratory, as the research facility was then known, began advertising for black women trained in mathematics. The Daily Reflector obituaries and Death Notices for Greenville North Carolina area . Gaines v. Canada 305 U.S. 337 (1938)», âOral History Archive: Katherine Johnsonâ, âShe Was a Computer When Computers Wore Skirtsâ, «On Being a Black Female Math Whiz During the Space Race», «Katherine Johnson:The Girl Who Loved to Count», «Conheça as cientistas negras por trás de "Estrelas Além do Tempo" | EXAME.com - Negócios, economia, tecnologia e carreira», âMop Topâ the âHip Hopâ Scientist Celebrates African-Americans in the Sciences: Katherine G. Johnson, âblack history... katherine g johnson (1918 â retired)â, âKatherine G. Johnson: Physicist, Space Scientist, Mathematicianâ, âBLACK CONTRIBUTORS TO SCIENCE AND ENERGY TECHNOLOGYâ, «Honoring NASA's Katherine Johnson, STEM Pioneer», «NASA Dedicates Facility to Mathematician, Presidential Medal Winner», «The Untold History of Women in Science and Technology», «Katherine Johnson, 'hidden figure' at NASA during 1960s space race, dies at 101», "Obama honoring Spielberg, Streisand and more with medal of freedom,", Live, Learn, Pursue Passion â NASA Mathematician preps Class of 2006 to find its mission, African-American Registry, August 26, Katherine G. Johnson, The Untold History of Women in Science and Technology, https://pt.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Katherine_Johnson&oldid=59265566, Engenheiros aeroespaciais dos Estados Unidos, Matemáticos dos Estados Unidos do século XX, Matemáticos dos Estados Unidos do século XXI, !Páginas que usam hiperligações mágicas ISBN, !Biografias que carecem de local de morte, Atribuição-CompartilhaIgual 3.0 Não Adaptada (CC BY-SA 3.0) da Creative Commons, contribuições técnicas fundamentais para o avanço da aeronáutica e exploração espacial. [18][19] Katherine plotou cartas de navegação, orientando naves pelas estrelas em caso de falha eletrônica e, em 1962, verificou os primeiros cálculos de computador da órbita de John Glenn ao redor da Terra. But what a job it was — done, no less, by a woman born at a time, Ms. Shetterly wrote, “when the odds were more likely that she would die before age 35 than even finish high school.”. No one took her to task, and she used the white bathrooms from then on. Ela calculou a trajetória da missão Apollo 11, em 1969. 2006 - doutorado honorário em ciência pelo Capitol College, Laurel. Thus, every fall, Joshua Coleman moved his family 125 miles away to Institute, W.Va. O filme é baseado no livro de Margot Lee Shetterly que documentou as carreiras e as contribuições de Katherine Johnson, Dorothy Vaughan e Mary Jackson. For that task, as she quickly demonstrated, she came armed with an invaluable asset. James Drone Sr Enterprise Desktop … Another daughter, Connie Garcia, died in 2010; her second husband, James Johnson, died in 2019. Mrs. Johnson at her desk at Langley in an undated photo. Assim que a missão foi abortada, Katherine trabalhou nos procedimentos de backup e nas cartas que auxiliaram o retorno em segurança dos astronautas para a Terra, quatro dias depois. “I was just doing my job,” Ms. Shetterly heard her say repeatedly in the course of researching her book. Mr. Coleman remained in White Sulphur Springs to farm, and, when the Depression made farming untenable, to work as a bellman at the Greenbrier, a world-renowned resort there. Sua habilidade e reputação por precisão em cálculos deu confiança aos colegas para trabalhar com a nova tecnologia. She remained in the division for the rest of her career. Mrs. Johnson did the trajectory analysis for the launch of Freedom 7 in 1961, the Mercury program mission on which Alan B. Shepard became the first American in space. Yet throughout Mrs. Johnson’s 33 years in NASA’s Flight Research Division — the office from which the American space program sprang — and for decades afterward, almost no one knew her name. It helped sustain her through the death of her first husband from brain cancer in 1956, leaving her, at 38, a widow with three adolescent daughters. Segundo um arquivo oral do Projeto de LÃderes Nacionais Visionários: De 1953 a 1958 ela trabalhou como computadora, fazendo análises para tópicos como a redução da rajada para as aeronaves. Within a decade, several hundred white women had been employed as computers there. [33], Em 1939, ela se casou com James Francis Goble e constituÃram famÃlia. In old age, Mrs. Johnson became the most celebrated of the small cadre of black women — perhaps three dozen — who at midcentury served as mathematicians for the space agency and its predecessor, the National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics. Ela se formou em 1937, com notas máximas em matemática e francês, aos 18 anos. His mother was a dancer for Katherine Dunham, and later worked as a numbers-runner to earn a living. Katherine entered high school at 10 and graduated at 14. Their story was told in the 2016 Hollywood film “Hidden Figures,” based on Margot Lee Shetterly’s nonfiction book of the same title, published that year. Ela continuou a encorajar estudantes a perseguir suas carreiras em ciência e tecnologia. Get list of ABC News authors, bloggers and journalists. Only members can add HBO and 100+ more channels — no cable required. Creola Katherine Johnson, nata Coleman, conosciuta anche come Katherine Goble (White Sulphur Springs, 26 agosto 1918 – Hampton, 24 febbraio 2020), è stata una matematica, informatica e fisica statunitense.. Contribuì allo sviluppo dell'aeronautica statunitense e ai programmi spaziali, già dal primo utilizzo dei computer elettronici digitali da parte della NASA. “NASA was a very professional organization,” Mrs. Johnson told The Observer of Fayetteville, N.C., in 2010. “They didn’t have time to be concerned about what color I was.”, “I don’t have a feeling of inferiority,” Mrs. Johnson said on at least one occasion. Em 1956, James morreu devido a um tumor inoperável no cérebro. “We were the pioneers of the space era,” Mrs. Johnson told The Daily Press, a Virginia newspaper, in 1990. The movie starred Taraji P. Henson as Mrs. Johnson, the film’s central figure. Two weeks into her new job, she was borrowed by the Flight Research Division, which occupied an immense hangar on the Langley grounds. Este texto é disponibilizado nos termos da licença. From her earliest childhood Katherine counted things: the number of dishes in the cupboard, the number of steps on the way to church and, as insurmountable a task as it might pose for one old enough to be daunted, the number of stars in the sky. Calculou também a janela de lançamento do Projeto Mercury, em 1961. To the end of her life, Mrs. Johnson deflected praise for her role in sending astronauts into space, keeping them on course and bringing them safely home. “I shudder,” she told The New York Times that September, some three months before the film’s release, having heard that the screenwriters might have made her character seem a tiny bit aggressive. Katherine Allen AVP Instl Adv/Gov Affairs BA Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln ... Jim Brown Dir ATS Office Support AS Gadsden State Comm College BA Jacksonville State University. In 1951, Mrs. Vaughan became the first black section head at NACA, as the advisory committee was known, when she was officially placed in charge of Langley’s West Area Computing Unit, the segregated office to which the black women were relegated. He was one of eight children. Johnson was born on February 1, 1948, in Buffalo, New York, to Mabel (née Sims) and James Ambrose Johnson Sr. Over the years, Mrs. Johnson published more than two dozen technical papers. It also starred Octavia Spencer and Janelle Monáe as her real-life colleagues Dorothy Vaughan and Mary Jackson. Prime Video Channels is the Prime benefit that lets you choose your channels. The oldest of NASA’s field centers, Langley had been established by the National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics in 1917. Heather James Fine Art includes a global network of galleries in New York City, San Francisco, Palm Desert, Montecito, Jackson Hole and consultancies worldwide. Ceaselessly curious about the aerospace technology that underpinned her work, she made it possible for women to attend the agency’s scientific briefings, formerly closed-door affairs reserved for male staff members. But the separate bathrooms remained. Katherine é interpretada pela atriz indicada ao Oscar Taraji P. But over time, the work of Mrs. Johnson and her colleagues — myriad calculations done mainly by hand, using slide rules, graph paper and clattering desktop calculating machines — won them a level of acceptance that for the most part transcended race. We would like to show you a description here but the site won’t allow us. It was in this unit that Katherine Goble began work in June 1953, tabulating sheets of data for the agency’s engineers. An index of just how esteemed she was came from Mr. Glenn, Mercury astronaut and future United States senator, who died in 2016. Os primeiros empregos que conseguiu eram para lecionar. “Our assignment was the trajectory,” Mrs. Johnson explained to The Associated Press. By the time she arrived, the company cafeteria had already undergone de facto desegregation: Its “Colored Computers” sign, designating a table in the back for the women, had been a salubrious casualty of the war years. O casal teve três filhas: Constance, Joylette, e Katherine. “And I am going to prepare you for this career.”. [10] Aos 15 anos, ela iniciou os estudos na universidade, onde estudou em todos os cursos que ofereciam matemática. The white women in turn were segregated from the agency’s male mathematicians and engineers. Electronic computation was still something of a novelty at NASA, and Mr. Glenn was unsettled by the use of a soulless mass of metal to divine something on which his life depended. Em 1939, Katherine se tornaria a primeira negra a se dissociar da graduação na Universidade da VirgÃnia Ocidental, em Morgantown e a única mulher entre três estudantes negros selecionados a integrar a graduação depois da decisão da Suprema Corte dos Estados Unidos, que decidiu separar as escolas e universidades para negros e brancos. I’m as good as anybody, but no better.”. Katherine Johnson, part of a small group of African-American women mathematicians who did crucial work at NASA, in 1966. In January 2017 “Hidden Figures” received the Screen Actors Guild Award for outstanding performance by a cast in a motion picture. Then, in 1952, Katherine Goble heard that Langley was hiring black women as mathematicians. ... AAS Johnson County Comm College. Among the first hired was Dorothy Vaughan, who began work that year. She “helped our nation enlarge the frontiers of space,” NASA’s administrator, Jim Bridenstine, said in a statement on Monday, “even as she made huge strides that also opened doors for women and people of color in the universal human quest to explore space.”, As Mrs. Johnson herself was fond of saying, her tenure at Langley — from 1953 until her retirement in 1986 — was “a time when computers wore skirts.”. Two years earlier, ruling in the civil-rights case Missouri ex rel. Em 1970, ela trabalhou na missão da Apollo 13. Mrs. Johnson’s colleague Mary Jackson died in 2005; Dorothy Vaughan died in 2008. The film was nominated for three Oscars, including best picture. Without realizing it, she had been using a white women’s restroom since her arrival. Wielding little more than a pencil, a slide rule and one of the finest mathematical minds in the country, Mrs. Johnson, who died at 101 on Monday at a retirement home in Newport News, Va., calculated the precise trajectories that would let Apollo 11 land on the moon in 1969 and, after Neil Armstrong’s history-making moonwalk, let it return to Earth. As universidades estaduais seriam instituições para brancos e a universidade Lincoln deveria criar cursos para atender a negros. Their work was secret — at times even from the mathematicians themselves. The next year, she likewise helped make it possible for John Glenn, in the Mercury vessel Friendship 7, to become the first American to orbit the Earth. Now married to James Francis Goble, a chemistry teacher, she entered West Virginia University in the summer of 1940, studying advanced mathematics. [13] A NASA mantém uma lista de artigos mais significativos de Johnson com links para sua ferramenta de busca de arquivo para encontrar outros. Henson. Katherine Johnson, 98, was a physicist and mathematician who helped launch the first use of digital electronic computers at NASA, the independent federal … [16] Durante o pouso, Katherine estava em uma reunião nas montanhas Pocono, ao redor da televisão junto de várias outras pessoas, assistindo aos primeiros passos na Lua. Em uma reunião de famÃlia, um parente mencionou que a NACA, que viria a se tornar a NASA, estava com processo seletivo aberto para mulheres, em especial negras, para seu departamento de navegação. Como o condado de Greenbrier não oferecia escola para estudantes negros após a oitava série, as crianças da famÃlia foram para o ensino médio no condado de Kanawha, no chamado Instituto, onde hoje é a universidade de West Virginia. A single error, she well knew, could have dire consequences for craft and crew. “I still remembered mine.”. Explore Life Stories, Offer Condolences & Send Flowers. “Where will I find a job?” Katherine asked. “You would make a good research mathematician,” he told his 17-year-old charge. “If she says the numbers are good,” he declared, “I’m ready to go.”, Katherine Johnson Dies at 101; Mathematician Broke Barriers at NASA. In 2017, NASA dedicated a building in her honor, the Katherine G. Johnson Computational Research Facility, at its Langley Research Center in Hampton, Va. That year, The Washington Post described her as “the most high-profile of the computers” — “computers” being the term originally used to designate Mrs. Johnson and her colleagues, much as “typewriters” was used in the 19th century to denote professional typists. She routinely logged 16-hour days, once falling asleep at the wheel of her car and waking up — safe, providentially — at the side of the road. “The guys all had graduate degrees in mathematics; they had forgotten all the geometry they ever knew,” Mrs. Johnson said in the Fayetteville Observer interview. Her death was announced by NASA. [3][4], Em 2016, foi incluÃda na lista de cem mulheres mais inspiradoras e influentes pela BBC.[5]. For some years at midcentury, the black women who worked as “computers” were subjected to a double segregation: Consigned to separate office, dining and bathroom facilities, they were kept separate from the much larger group of white women who also worked as NASA mathematicians. “You had to read Aviation Week to find out what you’d done.”. Katherine G. Johnson Computational Research Facility. A famÃlia dividia seu tempo entre os estudos durante o ano e o verão em Sulphur Springs. James Dewey Watson KBE (born April 6, 1928) is an American molecular biologist, geneticist and zoologist.In 1953, he co-authored with Francis Crick the academic paper proposing the double helix structure of the DNA molecule.Watson, Crick and Maurice Wilkins were awarded the 1962 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine "for their discoveries concerning the molecular structure … Porém, Katherine e as outras mulheres negras da divisão de computação eram conhecidas como "computadoras de cor" e sujeitadas à segregação, trabalhando, comendo e usando banheiros separados de seus colegas brancos até que essa divisão segregada fosse terminada em 1958. Though it won none, the 98½-year-old Mrs. Johnson received a sustained standing ovation when she appeared onstage with the cast at the Academy Awards ceremony that February. 1932 â West Virginia State High School, ensino médio; 2015 - Medalha Presidencial da Liberdade; 2010 - doutorado honorário em ciência pela. In 2016, Mrs. Johnson, self-effacing as ever at 98, seemed somewhat indifferent to the fuss surrounding the feature film about her life. Katherine nasceu em 1918, em White Sulphur Springs, VirgÃnia Ocidental, condado de Greenbrier, filha de Joshua e Joylette Coleman. “As NASA got ready to put someone in space, they needed to know what the launch conditions were. “There wasn’t one day when I didn’t wake up excited to go to work.”. She married James A. Johnson, a United States Army captain, in 1959. In 2015, President Barack Obama awarded her the Presidential Medal of Freedom, proclaiming, “Katherine G. Johnson refused to be limited by society’s expectations of her gender and race while expanding the boundaries of humanity’s reach.”. Em 1959, Katherine se casou com o tenente-coronel James A. Johnson e continuou sua carreira na NASA. “I couldn’t wait to get to high school to take algebra and geometry,” Mrs. Johnson told The Associated Press in 1999. Mrs. Johnson, left, and her fellow former NASA scientist Christine Darden in 2016 at the Hampton History Museum in Virginia. Katherine Coleman Goble Johnson (White Sulphur Springs, 26 de agosto de 1918 â 24 de fevereiro de 2020) foi uma matemática, fÃsica e cientista espacial norte-americana. Mrs. Johnson at NASA’s Langley Research Center in 1980. Obituary Archive - Johnson Tiller Funeral Home offers a variety of funeral services, from traditional funerals to competitively priced cremations, serving Wayne, WV and the surrounding communities. After retiring from NASA, Mrs. Johnson became a public advocate for mathematics education, speaking widely and visiting schools. Jim Rogers (105) Charlie Luken (104) Mark Clement (104) Phil Castellini (104) George W. Bush (103) Jim Sluzewski (102) Steve Leeper (102) Garren Colvin (101) … Katherine optou pela matemática, com interesse em pesquisa na área, um caminho com muitas portas fechadas para negras na época. Creola Katherine Coleman was born on Aug. 26, 1918, in White Sulphur Springs, W.Va., the youngest of four children of Joshua and Joylette (Lowe) Coleman. 1936â1952 - professora rural na VirgÃnia e em West Virginia, nos ensinos infantil e médio; 1952â1953 - professora substituta de matemática em escolas públicas em Newport News, VirgÃnia; 1953â1958 - matemática no Centro Langley de Pesquisa, em Hampton, Virginia, com a NACA; 1958â1986 - técnica aeroespacial no Centro Langley de Pesquisa, em Hampton, Virginia, com a NASA. They asked Katherine Johnson for the moon, and she gave it to them. She took a job as a schoolteacher in Marion, Va. Most, unlike the male scientists at the agency, were classified as subprofessionals, paid less than their male counterparts. Quite by accident, Katherine Goble broke that color line herself. Mrs. Johnson may not have been aggressive, but she was assuredly esteemed. 1967 - Prêmio do Grupo Apollo, que inclui as 300 bandeiras que voaram junto da Apollo 11; 1967 - NASA - Prêmio em Equipe do Lunar Orbiter Spacecraft and Operations - por trabalho pioneiro na resolução de problemas de navegação de cinco espaçonaves que circundaram e mapearam a lua na preparação para o. Esta página foi editada pela última vez à s 21h33min de 4 de setembro de 2020.
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